Tuesday, June 25, 2013

Fallacy

I recently read an article about parents might want to rethink their use of “sippy cups” because children have to visit the emergency room each year with sippy-cup-related injuries.
These articles appear from time to time.  The author identifies some common household item and informs us that the item actually hurts a certain number of people each year.  Usually, the item is as innocuous was possible: teddy bears, toilet paper, sippy cups, etc.  Quite often, the statistics are misleading: “Since, 1970, 40,000 people have been injured by using Cuddly-Soft Moist Towelettes.”  Of course, over the course of forty years, that works out to a thousand a year.  Ten million people might use Cuddly-Soft Moist Towellets each year, which means that only one in ten-thousand of them get injured.  However, saying that CSMT’s have a one-in-ten-thousand chance of injuring you doesn’t make for nearly as interesting of a story. 
This kind of story does two things.  First, it makes us feel like America is becoming sissified.  It makes it seem like our society views everything, no matter how harmless, as potentially dangerous.  Second, it makes us suspicious of statistics used to demonstrate harm. 
Both of these things make it very difficult to argue that something is actually harmful.  Conditioned by a barrage of silly, scare-tactic stories, people automatically conclude that any scary story must be silly, and that the numbers used must be fudge or—at the very least—misleading.
Football apologists are already using both of those arguments, either in their heads as they read this book, or to others as they discuss it. 
However, this is not one of those instances.  Intuitively, most of us realize that using a sippy cup and playing football cause unbelievably different degrees of risk.  The numbers would certainly support that intuition: sippy cups are NOT the number one cause of emergency-room visits for young children.  Football IS the number-one cause of brain injuries for young men. 

Don’t be tempted into dismissing a ridiculous and irresponsible risk just because people are afraid of stupid things; weigh the risk with sober judgment and decide whether its benefits warrant the dangers.

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